Author(s):

Mustafakulova F, Qobilov GU, Khujamshukurov NA and Kuchkarova DX

Abstract: Virulence (formation of nodule and its activity) salt-tolerant rhizobia for alfalfa plant maintains even at high salt concentrations (at 140-160 and even 200 mm NaCl). In the study of more salt-tolerant alfalfa inoculation strains of nodule bacteria nodulation proceeded more rapidly and effectively than with low salt tolerance strains. If the value of the ratio (fraction) "biomass above-ground parts of plants" / "root biomass" was 2 or more (without the control of salinity), when salinity is reduced to 1 due to the suppression of smaller biomass plant roots. The threshold for the salt tolerance of alfalfa, in which plants lose 50% yield, was 60-80 mm NaCl. Critical (destructive) concentration of NaCl for the survival of alfalfa plants was 160-200 mm NaCl, whereas the concentration in the range of 80 to 100 mm NaCl had already a negative effect on plant growth and development. Conditional threshold salinity for alfalfa depended on the type of salinity - for sulfate, type of salinity was suspended at 30-50 mm. At salinity of 80 mm NaCl (⁺N) - biomass of the aerial part of the plant parts, in both varieties of alfalfa, were similar in their values to the values of the control (^-N) - biomass (not subjected to salinity) of the aerial part of the plants, in result it can be concluded that the added nitrogen under saline conditions had a positive effect on the growth of alfalfa plants. Nitrogen fixing rhizobium legume symbiosis of alfalfa with using highly salt-tolerant strains of alfalfa nodule bacteria can be used not only for crop rotation in agriculture to irrigated saline soils, but also in the reclamation and restoration of soil fertility, contaminated by industrial pollution (heavy metals, oil products).

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