Author(s):

Atul Trivedi

Abstract: The Torus semicircularis (TS) in catfish is a pivotal midbrain integration center, involved in processing sensory inputs from the auditory, visual, and lateral line systems. This study explores the cytoarchitecture of the TS in Clarias batrachus, a species with weak electroreception. The analysis reveals a layered structure consisting of two nuclei, the nucleus lateralis and nucleus centralis, with predominant bipolar neurons. When compared to the strongly electroreceptive Ictalurus punctatus, which has more multipolar neurons, these findings suggest evolutionary adaptations in sensory processing mechanisms. The study contributes to the understanding of the neural architecture that underlies sensory integration in different aquatic environments.

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