Author(s):

Bhimrao N Jadhav

Abstract: Anaemia is a condition characterized by a reduction in the total circulating haemoglobin. There are different types of anaemia, which are classified according to the causes of the anaemia: a default in the production of red blood cells may be attributable to an iron, vitamin B12 or folate deficiency. Excessive destruction of red blood cells because of chronic diseases of nutritional, infective, metabolic or genetic origin leads to anaemia. Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is the commonest type of anaemia. Among women, IDA is common during childbearing years and particularly during pregnancy due increased demand of iron and folic acid. This leads to maternal and infant morbidity and mortality. IDA causes pallor, weakness and tiredness. This disorder has a negative impact on immune status and physical work capacity. It can impair cognitive performance in all individuals. The main risk factors of IDA are: inadequate iron intake (due to an iron-deficient diet or inadequate absorption), increased iron requirements, and blood loss. Indeed, the daily diet must include sufficient amounts of high bio available iron. This review will focus on recent advances in our understanding of the burden of anemia in female population and the causes and consequences of anemia among women.

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